The researchers used sticky tape to rip off thin flakes from a piece of graphite. They then attached the flakes to a silicon plate and used a microscope to identify the extremely thin layers of graphene. The researchers then studied the electric field effect on the layers.
Graphene is a single mono-atomic layer of graphite. Graphene conducts electricity faster at room temperature than any other substance, with mobilities in the region of 104 cm2V-1s-1, due to its low dimensional and honeycombed structure. This property opens up its future use in very fast transistors.
Inspec has understood the importance of this new material and has included the term graphene in the control indexing terms. Inspec’s existing terminology covers aspects such as conductivity, scattering, nanostructures and electronics, any researcher investigating graphene can be assured to find precisely the information they are looking for. Inspec’s exhaustive classification scheme covers many of the properties and existing and potential applications of graphene. For example:
Structure
A6148 Structure of fullerenes and fullerene-related materials
Phonons
A6322 Phonons in low-dimensional structures and small particles
Electrical and optical properties
A7225 Spin polarised transport
A7340H Quantum Hall effect
A7360T Electrical properties of fullerenes and related materials (thin films/low-dimensional structures)
A7865V Optical properties of fullerenes and related materials (thin films/low-dimensional structures)
Electronic structure
A7125X Electronic structure of fullerenes and fullerene-related materials; intercalation compounds
A7320D Electron states in low-dimensional structures
Preparation
6865 Low-dimensional structures: growth, structure and nonelectronic properties
A8116 Methods of nanofabrication and processing
A8120V Preparation of fullerenes and fullerene-related materials, intercalation compounds, and diamond
Applications
B0587 Fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and related materials (engineering materials science)
B2130 Capacitors
B2220 Integrated circuits
B2230F Fullerene, nanotube and related devices
B2560R Insulated gate field effect transistors
B7230L Gas sensors
A8280T Gas sensors
You can search the Inspec database for materials made of carbon by using the chemical indexing field. Inspec has the following control terms and classification codes related to graphene:
- Graphene over 2000 records on the database
- Carbon nanotubes over 30 000 records on the database
- Nanostructured materials over 84337 records on the database
- a6148 Structure of fullerenes and fullerene-related materials - over 170 00 records on the database
- a7320D Electron states in low-dimensional structures - over 55 000 records retrieved
- a7360T Electrical properties of fullerenes and related materials (thin films/low-dimensional structures) - over 4000 records on the database
- a7865V - * Optical properties of fullerenes and related materials (thin films/low-dimensional structures) - over 4000 records on the database
- A6322 Phonons in low-dimensional structures and small particles - over 7000 records on the database
- A7225 Spin polarised transport - over 5000 records on the database
- A7340H Quantum Hall effect - over 5000 records on the database
- A7125X Electronic structure of fullerenes and fullerene-related materials; intercalation compounds - over 5000 records on the database
- A6865 Low-dimensional structures: growth, structure and nonelectronic properties - over 50 000 records on the database
- A8116 Methods of nanofabrication and processing - over 50 000 records on the database
- A8120V Preparation of fullerenes and fullerene-related materials, intercalation compounds, and diamond – over 10 000 records on the database
- B0587 Fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and related materials (engineering materials science) – over 4000 records on the database
- B2230F Fullerene, nanotube and related devices – over 5000 records on the database
The original paper on graphene for which the Nobel Prize has been awarded can be found on Inspec, the Inspec record can be seen below:
Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films
| Inspec Accession No.: | 8204959 |
| Document Type: | Journal paper |
| Update: | 2004-048 |
| MIN: | S015-A4044-A004 |
| Author(s): | Novoselov, K. S.1; Geim, A. K.1; Morozov, S. V.; Jiang, D.; Zhang, Y.; Dubonos, S. V.; Grigorieva, I. V.; Firsov, A. A. |
| Affiliation(s): | 1. Dept. of Phys., Manchester Univ., UK |
| Journal: | Science, vol.306, no.5696 , p.666-9 |
| Publication Date: | 22 Oct. 2004 |
| Publisher: | American Assoc. Adv. Sci. , USA |
| ISSN: | 0036-8075 (print) |
| JIN: | S015 |
| CODEN: | SCIEAS |
| SICI: | 0036-8075(20041022)306:5696L.666:EFEA;1-V |
| DOI: | 10.1126/science.1102896 |
| Language: | English |
| Abstract: | We describe monocrystalline graphitic films, which are a few atoms thick but are nonetheless stable under ambient conditions, metallic, and of remarkably high quality. The films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands, and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect such that electrons and holes in concentrations up to 1013 per square centimetre and with room-temperature mobilities of ~10,000 square centimetres per volt-second can be induced by applying gate voltage. (16 refs.) |
| Treatment: | Experimental |
| Controlled indexing: | carbon; carrier density; carrier mobility; semimetals; thin films |
| Uncontrolled indexing: | atomically thin carbon films; monocrystalline graphitic films; two-dimensional semimetal; ambipolar electric field effect; electron concentration; holes concentration; electron mobility; hole mobility; gate voltage; 293 to 298 K; C |
| Classification: | A7360 Electrical properties of thin films and low-dimensional structures ; A7220F Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance (semiconductors/insulators) |
| Numerical data indexing: | temperature 2.93E+02 to 2.98E+02 K |
| Chemical indexing: | C/el |